Book Introduction:

“America and Terrorism” is the third volume of the three-volume series, “The Performance of the U.S. Government in West Asia from the Perspective of Human and Humanitarian Rights,” overseen by Sohrab Salahi (born 1962). This volume compiles articles from an international conference with the same title. The articles in this collection focus on three main themes: America and Human Rights, America and Humanitarian Law, and America and Terrorism. All three explore the U.S. government’s actions from a legal standpoint in the West Asia (Middle East) region.

In a section of the preface to this three-volume set, we read: “The U.S. government, by declaring a global war on terror, has waged an unlimited war against actors that were sometimes themselves supported by this government. In this misguided path, it has disregarded many principles of international law, including the rules of human rights and international humanitarian law. In fact, in the so-called ‘War on Terror,’ the U.S. government has not shied away from crossing international borders and violating the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other countries, nor has it hesitated to consider forces it labels as terrorists exempt from the Geneva Conventions. This approach has continued in how this government deals with popular revolutions in the region, such as the popular revolution in Bahrain and Libya, or in America’s stance towards the terrorist and inhumane acts of terrorist and Takfiri groups in Syria, Pakistan, Myanmar, etc., which warrants serious examination and study.”

Here are some of the article titles included in this collection:

• Some Human Consequences of Counter-Terrorism: A Case Study of U.S. Performance After the 9/11 Attacks / Heydar Piri, Nasser Seyed Ebrahimi
• Critique and Review of Targeted Killings in U.S. Practice in Light of International Law / Mehdi Hatami
• A Study of U.S. State Terrorism and the Impact of Its Strategy on the Security of Persian Gulf and Middle East Countries from the Perspective of International Law / Leila Raeisi, Ja’far Heydar Gholizadeh
• America and the Sale of Military Equipment to the Government of Bahrain: Violation of International Standards and Responsibility Based on Accomplice Liability / Morteza Zareei
• ISIS and the Responsibility of the U.S. Government in Supporting Terrorist Groups / Morteza Abdi, Teimour Zamani

The most important objective of this research paper is to clarify the ambiguities governing the relationship between the executive and legislative branches in the domain of legislative authority. Of course, this has not been limited to theoretical studies; practical cases and examples have also been examined and analyzed. The findings of this research will be instrumental for high-ranking officials of the system, members of the Guardian Council, executive authorities (political and administrative) of the executive branch, members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, researchers, professors, students of law and political science, and other interested parties.

The current paper aims to delineate clear boundaries for the legislative authority of the Islamic Consultative Assembly and the powers of the executive branch. This will be achieved by leveraging theoretical foundations and studying practical disputes between the government and the parliament, through in-depth scrutiny of the Constitution. In other words, the main goal of this research is to distinguish the specific and exclusive competencies of the Parliament and the Government, and to define the shared areas of jurisdiction, so that, in light of the principle of the independence of powers (Article 57), each of the aforementioned branches can exercise sovereignty within the framework of their respective duties and powers.

An Abstract of Service, Honesty, and Martyrdom

This book narrates a perspective; a perspective that, even in the most challenging days of governing the country, amidst crises, media attacks, and the dust of the political atmosphere, stood firm on its initial promise: God-centeredness, belief in the people, and tireless work. “For God, For the People” translates the path taken by a faithful and honest President; a great man who was serving his people even at the moment of his martyrdom.

This work, on one hand, reflects the concerns, values, and inner logic of an Islamic leader who, away from political clamor, considered himself a servant of the nation. On the other hand, it is a vivid narrative report from the members of the cabinet about the challenging path that was traversed. In these accounts, one can clearly see the image of day and night efforts, reforming old structures, direct presence among the people, and follow-up on promises.

“For God, For the People” was not written merely to revisit the past, but it is an invitation to the future; a future in which political practice, aligned with the ideals of the Islamic Revolution, is not an exception but a rule. This book is an effort to record an experience that stood firm amidst onslaughts, worked, built trust, and when the time came to depart, left with dignity.

A Reflection on the Governance Thoughts of Martyr Raisi

If you wish to understand Martyr Raisi not from others’ perspectives, but from his own words, this book is your starting point. “Raisi’s Narrative” is an attempt to discover the model of Islamic governance from the words and managerial actions of the Martyr. A model where God-centrism, justice-seeking, people-orientation, adherence to law, and devotion to Velayat are not mere slogans, but the foundation for decisions and a way of life.

Amidst hundreds of speeches, notes, interviews, and official conversations, this book, prepared in collaboration with the esteemed Dr. Kadkhodamoradi, has extracted and systematized a collection of the principles, foundations, and approaches to Martyr Raisi’s governance. This ranges from sincerity in intention to boldness in action, from belief in the people to trust in national capabilities, from seeking transformation in government structures to commitment to fulfilling promises. Here, you will see Raisi the President, and how he lived his life in politics and management, from being a “soldier of Velayat” to a “servant of the people.”

For visionary managers, concerned students, and all those seeking a new path for governance aligned with the ideals of the Islamic Revolution, this book presents a narrative of this exemplary model of Islamic governance.

In a world where information and communication technologies have rapidly transformed the way we live, interact, and structure our societies, the legal system cannot remain indifferent. The book Legal Technology takes a precise and analytical look at this pivotal intersection—where law and technology come together to facilitate justice and improve the quality of social relations.

This work is a collection of notes and articles by international legal technology experts, offering practical insights and ideas on leveraging information technology to solve legal challenges. Our effort in translating and compiling this book has been to share these valuable global experiences with Persian-speaking audiences, aiming to take an effective step toward the development of legal technology in Iran and enhancing public access to justice.

Authors:

Ali Bahadori-Jahromi, Amirali Ebrahimi, Seyed Sajad Mirshojaei, Ali Akbari

Publisher: Pejvak-e Edalat (Justice Echo)

Language: Persian

Dewey Classification: 338.272820955

Year of Publication: 2023 (1402 SH)

Edition: First

Number of Pages: 272

۱۰-digit ISBN: 622571541X

۱۳-digit ISBN: 978-6225715417

With a Quadrilingual Glossary (Persian, Arabic, French, and English)

Research Deputy of Imam Sadegh University in collaboration with the Parliamentary Research Center of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, 2017.

Although the concept of governance dates back to the establishment of political systems in human history, good governance has become a subject of particular interest in recent decades among scholars in various fields of humanities, especially public law. Thinkers with diverse approaches and objectives have sought to define good governance and establish indicators and criteria for its realization in various political systems. In doing so, they have developed a set of principles that government authorities must consider and adhere to when making decisions and taking action.

This research seeks to answer a fundamental question: Are the officials and agents of the Islamic government, in exercising the sovereignty of the sacred Islamic Sharia as the most important duty of the Islamic government, obligated to follow specific frameworks and rules? More precisely, has the sacred Legislator, in defining the limits and authorities of the agents of the Islamic government, established principles and indicators to achieve the intended objectives and prevent deviations? And if the answer is affirmative, what are the criteria for achieving good governance in the Islamic government?

This collection seeks to present the foundational principles and related subjects in an analytical yet concise academic manner, making it suitable for use by the academic community. It should be noted that each principle of the Constitution can be examined from various dimensions—theological, philosophical, ethical, epistemological, social, economic, political, sociological, legal, managerial, and more. However, this work focuses primarily on its theological and jurisprudential aspects, while other dimensions are only briefly addressed.

The book “Analyzing the Foundations of the Islamic Republic of Iran System (Volume 1)” by Ayatollah Abbas Kaabi provides a fundamental analysis of the theoretical and practical foundations of the Islamic Republic system. Drawing upon rich Shiite jurisprudential and theological sources and based on the principles of the Constitution, this book examines various aspects of the political and legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The introduction of the book emphasizes that the Constitution, as the most important legal document of the country, presents the theoretical and practical bases of the Islamic Republic system on the foundation of Islamic Sharia and Shiite jurisprudence. The author has attempted to clarify fundamental concepts while analyzing the general principles and governmental structures from a jurisprudential and theological perspective.

The main topics of the book include an analysis of the Islamic Revolution and the reasons for the establishment of the Islamic Republic system, its goals and ideals, the duties of the Islamic government in religious, cultural, economic, political, and judicial dimensions, as well as issues related to legislation and the reliance of laws on Islamic Sharia. In this regard, the role of the people in governing the country, the concept of council and consultation, and the principles governing the Wilayat al-Faqih (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist) are also examined.

This book is presented in the following sections:

Section One: Revolution, Referendum, and the Formation of the Islamic Republic

This section deals with the reasons and historical background of the establishment of the Islamic Republic. The author emphasizes that the Iranian nation’s belief in truth, justice, and religious teachings transformed the Islamic Revolution into a unique social and political movement. Additionally, the process of the referendum on the type of government and the role of religious authority in leading this movement are analyzed.

Section Two: Foundations, Goals, and Strategies for Achieving Goals

This section introduces the pillars and foundations of the Islamic Republic system and clarifies its ideals such as justice, independence, and progress. By examining the developmental goals of the system, the author provides strategies for achieving these ideals and their connection to the country’s macro policies.

Section Three: Duties of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran

This section separately examines the duties of the Islamic government in various areas:

• Religious: Implementation of Sharia rulings and preservation of religious identity.
• Cultural: Promotion of Islamic culture and countering deviations.
• Economic: Realization of social justice and planning for public welfare.
• Political and Judicial: Rule of law, defense of national independence, and ensuring public security.

Section Four: Basing the Legislative System on Islamic Sharia

In this section, the role of Islamic Sharia in legislation is examined. The author states that the country’s laws must conform to Islamic standards, and this conformity is supervised by bodies such as the Guardian Council. This section also addresses the challenges facing Islamic legislation and proposed solutions.

Section Five: Wilayat al-Amr and Imamate of the Ummah

This section is dedicated to the concept of Wilayat al-Faqih and its jurisprudential and historical foundations. The author examines the conditions and characteristics of the Wali al-Faqih and clarifies his role in guiding society and ensuring religious sovereignty. The relationship between Wilayat al-Faqih and the people is also among the key topics of this section.

Section Six: People’s Participation in the Administration of the Country’s Affairs

In this section, the author discusses the role of the people in the political structure of the Islamic Republic. Topics such as holding elections, the place of public participation in legitimizing the government, and mechanisms for popular participation are examined.

Section Seven: Shura and Consultation

The last section of the book is dedicated to the concept of Shura (consultation) and consultation in Islam. The author explains the Quranic and jurisprudential reasons for the necessity of consultation in an Islamic system and analyzes the role of councils in administering the country’s affairs.

This book analytically and scientifically clarifies the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran and attempts to provide a comprehensive picture of the foundations and structures of this system by relying on Islamic sources and the principles of the Constitution. The primary audience for this book includes law students, political science researchers, and those interested in Islamic studies and governmental jurisprudence.

• Authors: Dr. Ali Bahadori Jahromi, Mehdi Shirzadi, Kamal Kadkhoda Moradi, Mohammad Sadegh Farahani
• Publisher: Pezhvak Edalat
• Publication Edition: First
• Publication Year: 2020

This book is divided into six chapters:

Chapter One: Introduction to the Nature of Non-Governmental Organizations

This chapter discusses the history and origin, conceptualization, components, roles, and functions of NGOs.

Chapter Two: Legal Framework for Non-Governmental Organizations in the Islamic Republic of Iran

This chapter examines the legal basis of NGOs, their functions, legal rights and duties, and the oversight of NGOs.

Chapter Three: Types of Non-Governmental Organizations and Their General Formation Process

This chapter explores topics such as non-commercial companies and institutions under commercial law, special NGOs with specific laws and governing bodies, and public non-governmental organizations (NGOs or “SAMANs”).

Chapter Four: Types of Non-Governmental Organizations and Their Registration and Establishment Process

This chapter elaborates on the process of forming and registering public NGOs with the Ministry of Interior, the process of forming and registering youth NGOs, non-governmental and charitable institutions of the Welfare Organization and the Police Force, and related supplementary discussions.

Chapter Five: Legal Requirements Governing Non-Governmental Organizations

This chapter addresses topics such as contract conclusion, the legal status of NGO employees, legal regulations governing NGO insurance, and NGO tax regulations.

Chapter Six: Legal Implications for Non-Governmental Organizations in the International Arena

This chapter examines the following topics: various types of United Nations accreditations for NGOs, the consultative status of the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the process of applying for consultative status, the obligations of NGOs with consultative status, and finally, the book’s conclusion.

Book Description:

This volume is the second part of the collection and comprises articles from the National Congress on the Great Prophet (PBUH). The main themes of the articles presented in this congress include the Prophet’s governmental and political conduct (Seerah), an examination of human rights ambiguities concerning the Prophetic conduct, and insulting the sanctities of Abrahamic religions in the legal standards of international documents. “A Jurisprudential-Legal Study of the Crime of Insulting Islamic Sanctities,” “Strategies to Combat Insulting Religions in International Documents,” and “Islamic Governance and Its Requirements from the Perspective of the Holy Quran” are some of the titles of the articles featured in this book.

To address questions related to the Guardian Council’s oversight of the electoral and referendum processes, Chapter One (Generalities) first examines key research concepts, the philosophy of electoral oversight, principles governing electoral oversight, and global models of electoral oversight. Following this, the history of electoral oversight in Iran is reviewed. Subsequently, the rationale behind the Guardian Council’s oversight of elections and referendums will be explained based on the perspective of the constitutional legislator and legal arguments. The legal process and procedures for the Guardian Council’s oversight of elections for the Assembly of Experts, the Presidency, the Islamic Consultative Assembly, and public referendums will then be analyzed. Furthermore, the scope of the Guardian Council’s authority in electoral and referendum oversight will be clarified from the perspectives of enforcement mechanisms and subject matter jurisdiction, based on legal and statutory viewpoints. The Guardian Council’s authority in the process of approving and disqualifying candidates will then be examined, and finally, the limitations of supervisory authorities over elections in the legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran will be outlined.

Volume One

The book “Analyzing the Foundations of the Islamic Republic of Iran System (Volume 1)” by Ayatollah Abbas Kaabi offers a fundamental analysis of the theoretical and practical foundations of the Islamic Republic system. Drawing from rich Shiite jurisprudential and theological sources and based on the principles of the Constitution, this book examines various aspects of Iran’s political and legal system.

The book’s introduction emphasizes that the Constitution, as the nation’s most crucial legal document, lays out the theoretical and practical bases of the Islamic Republic system founded on Islamic Sharia and Shiite jurisprudence. The author endeavors to clarify fundamental concepts while analyzing general principles and governmental structures from a jurisprudential and theological perspective.

Key topics in the book include an analysis of the Islamic Revolution and the reasons for establishing the Islamic Republic, its goals and ideals, the duties of the Islamic government across religious, cultural, economic, political, and judicial dimensions, and issues related to legislation and the adherence of laws to Islamic Sharia. In this context, the role of the people in governance, the concept of council and consultation (Shura), and the principles governing Wilayat al-Faqih (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist) are also explored.

Volumes Two, Three, and Four

These volumes aim to present the foundations and related topics in an analytical yet academic and concise manner, making them useful for the academic community. It’s worth noting that each principle of the Constitution can be discussed and examined from various theological, philosophical, ethical, epistemological, social, economic, political, sociological, legal, managerial, and other perspectives. However, this work focuses primarily on its theological and jurisprudential dimensions, with only brief references to other aspects.

This book is a product of studies conducted by the “Islamic System-Building Studies” group at the research institute and is now presented to the academic community. It aims to analyze and answer the fundamental question of what role the people play in governments established based on the principles of Islamic Sharia, and how their rights and duties towards Islamic governments are defined. In addition to addressing the theoretical aspects of the subject, this book also seeks to design the manner of public participation in Islamic governments and proposes mechanisms for this purpose.

The main subject of this book is a comparative study of the constitutional law systems in Islamic countries. This research focuses on examining and comparing constitutional law indicators in Islamic countries, with an emphasis on conventional and internationally recognized legal systems, while also considering the indigenous and cultural conditions of these nations.

The purpose of this work is to contribute to strengthening the authority of Islamic countries and moving towards the realization of an Islamic Ummah (community) and synergy for establishing a new Islamic civilization. Furthermore, it aims to provide foundations and foster mutual learning from the scientific and practical findings of Islamic countries in creating a native system of constitutional law and administering Muslim societies. This can pave the way for enhancing scientific exchange capacity in order to achieve new models for establishing and governing an Islamic state in the contemporary era.

While laws support people, they also impose limitations. Individuals in a society should be able to understand these limitations and become well-acquainted with the rights granted to them by law. Some of these rights define how individuals in society interact with each other, while others regulate the relationship between the people and the government. People, not as legal scholars but as subjects of many rights enshrined in laws, should familiarize themselves with their rights as much as possible.

The Constitution, as the mother of all laws, specifies the most fundamental rights of the nation. Unfortunately, in our country, people themselves are not proactive in learning about their most basic rights. Naturally, if our people are so unfamiliar with the Constitution, which is a relatively concise document, then acquaintance with other laws that refer to more detailed individual rights will be even less common. For this reason, this book aims to provide an accessible introduction to the nation’s fundamental rights, presenting legal concepts in a practical manner.

The first section of this book begins in Chapter One by introducing various types of actionable claims, followed by Chapter Two which covers different types of courts, their procedures, and how to appeal their decisions. Section Two, titled “Practical Citizen Rights,” selects several constitutional principles and legal articles related to the nation’s rights and civil rights, providing explanations for better understanding. Section Three offers content on crime and punishment within the framework of practical criminal law, with definitions provided for several offenses. The first two chapters of Section Four contain a selection of frequently used terms in civil and criminal law. Chapter Three of Section Four selects and explains several commonly used laws within Iran’s legal system across various fields. In Section Five, the most important reasons that can be used to prove a claim in court, known in legal science as “evidence of proof,” are briefly explained.

While laws support people, they also impose limitations. Individuals in a society should be able to understand these limitations and become well-acquainted with the rights granted to them by law. Some of these rights define how individuals in society interact with each other, while others regulate the relationship between the people and the government. People, not as legal scholars but as subjects of many rights enshrined in laws, should familiarize themselves with their rights as much as possible.

The Constitution, as the mother of all laws, specifies the most fundamental rights of the nation. Unfortunately, in our country, people themselves are not proactive in learning about their most basic rights. Naturally, if our people are so unfamiliar with the Constitution, which is a relatively concise document, then acquaintance with other laws that refer to more detailed individual rights will be even less common. For this reason, this book aims to provide an accessible introduction to the nation’s fundamental rights, presenting legal concepts in a practical manner.

The first section of this book begins in Chapter One by introducing various types of actionable claims, followed by Chapter Two which covers different types of courts, their procedures, and how to appeal their decisions. Section Two, titled “Practical Citizen Rights,” selects several constitutional principles and legal articles related to the nation’s rights and civil rights, providing explanations for better understanding. Section Three offers content on crime and punishment within the framework of practical criminal law, with definitions provided for several offenses. The first two chapters of Section Four contain a selection of frequently used terms in civil and criminal law. Chapter Three of Section Four selects and explains several commonly used laws within Iran’s legal system across various fields. In Section Five, the most important reasons that can be used to prove a claim in court, known in legal science as “evidence of proof,” are briefly explained.

According to Pezhvak Edalat Publications, human rights have long been a significant topic, especially with the rise of the modern concept of human rights. The specific instances and foundations of human rights have consistently been presented as debatable subjects in various legal systems, both domestic and international, throughout different eras. In this context, the most sublime and emphasized expressions regarding the status of humanity in the cosmic order are found in the teachings and doctrines of Islam. From an Islamic perspective, humans, as rational beings possessing inherent dignity, are considered the noblest of creatures, distinct from other beings in existence yet connected to the universe, and thus holders of rights. In Islamic thought, the specific instances and foundations of these rights are determined by the position of humanity in existence and the purpose of its creation.

This book was compiled and written with the aim of engaging the general public, researchers, esteemed professors, and students with this topic, thereby facilitating further research and studies.

The book is divided into three chapters:

Chapter One: Concepts and Generalities. This chapter discusses the concept of human rights in contemporary literature and Islamic human rights.

Chapter Two: Contemporary Human Rights Schools and Foundations from an Islamic Perspective. This chapter delves into contemporary human rights schools from an Islamic viewpoint and the foundations of human rights from an Islamic perspective.

Chapter Three: Analysis of General Topics in Islamic Human Rights. This chapter addresses subjects such as public freedoms and their limitations, an examination of women’s rights from an Islamic perspective, corporal punishments, and procedural guarantees.

The book “The Path of Justice,” compiled by a group of authors, is a summary of the book “The Mission of Jurists,” which outlines the duties of jurists within the intellectual framework of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution. This research aims to re-examine the Supreme Leader’s perspective on the status and role of jurists and legal institutions. This will not only create a reliable resource for practitioners but also prove beneficial for the legal academic and university community.

The book is structured as follows:

• Part One: The Necessity of Identifying the Goal. This section delineates the ultimate goal of the Islamic Revolution’s movement and its prerequisites, clarifying the role of jurists in achieving it.
• Part Two: The Necessity of Acquiring Essential Prerequisites for Moving Towards Goals. This part examines the general duties and requirements for achieving these goals, including self-purification, taking responsibility, active participation, understanding the enemy, and similar topics.
• Part Three: The Necessity of Designing Required Structures, Processes, and Institutions. This section emphasizes the importance of theorizing in Islamic law as the first step in designing the path and roadmap for jurists’ actions. Given that Islamic law is based on fundamental concepts like “justice” and “freedom,” two examples of conceptualization in legal theorizing, as presented by the Supreme Leader, are provided.
• Part Four: The Necessity of Enhancing the Legal Productivity of Institutions. This section highlights the need for jurists to strive towards making organizations and institutions legally efficient and their role in improving their legal performance.
• Part Five: The Necessity of Enhancing the Efficiency of Legal Institutions. This part specifically focuses on the country’s particular and important legal institutions. It addresses the topic of further increasing the efficiency and improving the performance of institutions whose primary function is legal in nature, along with their requirements and dimensions from the Supreme Leader’s perspective, considering the duties of jurists in this regard.
• Part Six: This final section examines the responsibilities of jurists in the international arena.

Book Description:

The book “Familiarity with Public Law Concepts,” authored by Dr. Ali Bahadori and Dr. Seyed Hojjatollah Alamolhoda, is a comprehensive and practical work in the field of public law, written in two volumes. Volume One covers public law concepts and terms from letters A to H, while Volume Two is dedicated to concepts from letters Kh to Y.

This book aims to introduce readers to the fundamentals and principles of public law in a simple and understandable language. Key features of this book include:

• Comprehensiveness: This book covers a wide range of public law concepts and terms, serving as a complete reference for students and those interested in this field.
• Accuracy and Orderliness: The content is meticulously organized and presented, with the coherence of topics aiding the reader’s better understanding.
• Simple and Understandable Language: The book is written in clear, accessible language, avoiding complex specialized terminology as much as possible.
• Provision of Practical Examples: Practical and tangible examples are used to explain concepts, which helps readers gain a deeper understanding of the material.

“Familiarity with Public Law Concepts” can be used as a textbook for law students at various academic levels, as well as for the general public interested in public law topics.

The “Center for Lawyers, Official Experts, and Family Counselors” was established in 2002, following the provision in Article 187 and its executive bylaw, which was issued by the Head of the Judiciary on September 4, 2002. The executive bylaw of Article 187 specified the method of the Center’s formation and its pillars, the process of issuing licenses, the holding of examinations, the oversight of members’ activities, and other affairs of the Center within the framework of laws and regulations governing the fields of advocacy and expertise. This Center, which was active in providing legal advocacy, official expertise, and legal consultation services, gained broader authority in the field of family counseling following the Family Protection Law enacted in 2013 and its executive bylaw.

This book has been prepared and compiled with the latest revisions and changes to laws and regulations. In addition to being a complete resource for the bar exam, it is also a suitable resource for successful bar exam candidates. The book has been revised and authenticated by the Center for Lawyers, Official Experts, and Family Counselors of the Judiciary.

This book has been prepared and compiled with the latest revisions and changes to laws and regulations. In addition to being a complete resource for the bar exam, it is also a suitable resource for successful bar exam candidates. The book has been revised and authenticated by the Center for Lawyers, Official Experts, and Family Counselors of the Judiciary.

This book has been prepared and compiled with the latest revisions and changes to laws and regulations. In addition to being a complete resource for the bar exam, it is also a suitable resource for successful bar exam candidates. The book has been revised and authenticated by the Center for Lawyers, Official Experts, and Family Counselors of the Judiciary.

This book has been prepared and compiled with the latest revisions and changes to laws and regulations. In addition to being a complete resource for the bar exam, it is also a suitable resource for successful bar exam candidates. The book has been revised and authenticated by the Center for Lawyers, Official Experts, and Family Counselors of the Judiciary.

Religion and knowledge are both civilization-building elements. Religion is the most effective factor in the formation and survival of civilizations, and knowledge has also played a special role throughout history. These two elements come together in the Islamic university. But at what level or with what concept of religion, alongside what level of knowledge, is necessary for the formation and enduring survival of an Islamic university?

The Islamic Revolution, in its cultural dimension, represents one of the fundamental needs of society. Reflection on Imam Khomeini’s (RA) concern for transformation in universities and Imam Khamenei’s (May his shadow extend) deep preoccupation and significant attention to the Islamization of universities clarifies the importance of this issue in the Cultural Revolution…

• Authors: Ahmad Ami, Dr. Ali Bahadori Jahromi, Dr. Mohammad Sadegh Farahani
• Publisher: Pezhvak Edalat
• Book Type: Practical
• Format: Vaziri (Ministerial)
• Publication Year: 2019
• Print Run: First

To enter a profession, one first needs to possess the ethical competencies relevant to that profession, the most important of which is having specialized knowledge. Possessing expertise in a professional domain ensures that the professional commits only to tasks they are knowledgeable about, and refrains from undertaking any work for which they lack complete and sufficient understanding. It’s clear that knowledge is a necessary condition for entering a profession, but not a sufficient one. Therefore, in addition to knowledge, a professional must also be able to perform the task they are responsible for effectively and correctly by possessing the necessary skills.

The intellectual and ideological foundations of Martyr Raisi and his approach to governance and management as the head of the executive branch set a new standard of service in the Islamic Republic of Iran. This led the Supreme Leader to present his collection of practical, intellectual, and managerial characteristics as a model for managing the country’s executive power, aiming to both record it in history and highlight it for other national officials, especially heads of the executive branch and other government members. This book has been prepared with the goal of explaining the Supreme Leader’s perspective on Martyr Raisi’s management style and conduct and how he advanced the administration of the country’s affairs in the Thirteenth Government. In two chapters, it aims to delineate the envisioned requirements and expectations from Martyr Raisi’s government, as well as the various achievements that his management approach brought to the Islamic Republic of Iran, all as expressed and portrayed by the Supreme Leader.

• Title of Work: The Government of Work and Hope (Summary Report of the Thirteenth Government’s Actions)
• Content Supervisor: Ali Bahadori Jahromi
• Compiled by: Mohammad Ali Sangbar, Seyed Fazel Shahcheragh, Faezeh Abbaslou, and Arash Fahmi Hassan
• Publisher: Islamic Republic of Iran Publishing (General Department of Research and Documents of the Presidency)

A portion of the introduction to this book states: The Inter-Parliamentary Union, to examine and strengthen the relationship between parliamentary institutions and democracy, has prepared a book titled “Parliament and Democracy in the 21st Century: A Guide to Good Practice” by David Beetham. This guide aims to identify the core values of a democratic parliament and demonstrate how parliaments can apply these values to confront the challenges of the 21st century. The core of this book is derived from comments and ideas expressed by members of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, who have outlined some of the challenges they currently face and shared some of their experiences, thereby involving others in this exchange. Although the topics discussed in this book are not binding for adoption within the legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, drawing upon human experiences gained in various societies over long periods can undoubtedly assist the domestic legal system in achieving its goals. For this reason, familiarity with the solutions and criteria prevalent in common legal systems will be essential and fruitful for thinkers and planners of the domestic legal system, and can be utilized in designing or reforming various aspects of this legal system. According to this report, the book “Parliament and Democracy in the 21st Century” is structured into eight chapters under the titles: Introduction, A Representative Parliament, An Open and Transparent Parliament, An Accessible Parliament, An Accountable Parliament, An Effective Parliament (1): Effectiveness at the National Level, An Effective Parliament (2): Parliamentary Involvement in International Affairs, and The Future Ahead.

This book, by relying on statistics from international sources, examines and compares the status of Iran’s growth and progress indicators before and after the Islamic Revolution. It delineates the ۴۴-year performance record of the Islamic Republic of Iran against global and regional growth averages.

Authored by Ali Bahadori Jahromi in collaboration with Reza Ghayoumipour and Meysam Narimani, this book is divided into six chapters covering Health, Education and Literacy, Livelihood and Welfare Infrastructure, Science and Strategic Technologies, Military and Defense, and the topic of Sanctions. It has been published by the Research Center for Development and Future Studies of the Plan and Budget Organization in 260 pages.

“Unpublished Report Card” aims to present a realistic picture of post-Revolutionary Iran. It relies solely on international statistics, which are presented comparatively with other countries and global averages to evaluate the country’s performance against others.

By studying this book, it becomes clear that the Islamic Republic’s situation, not only in the Revolution’s discursive fields like culture but also in areas such as welfare issues and public services, where there has been extensive and heavy media manipulation, shows a significant positive difference from the past within the country. Furthermore, the achievements of Islamic Iran, even while resisting the heaviest pressures, are considerably greater than those of countries seemingly supported by global superpowers.

Author: Ali Bahadori Jahromi

Preserving the sanctity and foundation of the family has always been a concern for those who understand its unique role in human growth and flourishing. The establishment of Judiciary Family Counseling Centers under the Family Protection Law of 2012 was an innovative measure aimed at safeguarding this sanctity. This was achieved by resolving family disputes scientifically and through a mechanism distinct from other legal cases, given the unique psychological characteristics and individual, familial, and social impacts of family disputes. Increasing the effectiveness of pre-divorce counseling is the most crucial factor in the success of this endeavor.

Becoming part of the Judiciary’s family counselors ignited a strong desire and need within me to identify ways to enhance the effectiveness of these counseling services and to align more closely with the legislator’s noble goals. One of the best approaches was to learn from the experiences of individuals who had been active in this field for many years. This became the starting point for conducting research, and this book reflects the findings of that very research, sharing them with all who are concerned with treating and strengthening families embroiled in conflict and distress.

• Authors: Ali Bahadori Jahromi, Mohammad Sadegh Farahani

Book Description:

Constitutional law is a branch of legal science that examines and analyzes the general organization of the state, its political regime, governmental structure, the organization, duties, and powers of the three branches of government, individual and social rights and freedoms, elections, political parties, and similar topics within a historical context.

Studying the history of constitutional law helps in gaining a more precise understanding of the capacities, possibilities, and capabilities of the political system and in achieving a more objective recognition of it.

Given this importance, the present work, which focuses on a part of the history of constitutional law in the Islamic Republic of Iran, utilizes first-hand books, documents, and records to investigate the complex and intelligent process of the formation of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the establishment of some of its fundamental institutions.

About the Book:

The book “Discourses on Islamic Public Law” is co-authored by Abbas Kaabi, Dr. Ali Bahadori Jahromi, Ali Fattahi Zafargandi, Mohsen Abolhassani, Milad Qotbi, Mohammad Reza Farsian, Mehdi Nourayi, and Mehdi Erfanian. This textbook has been published by the Research Institute of the Guardian Council.

The importance and stature of the Guardian Council are undeniable, and explicit emphases in the Constitution, as well as statements by Imam Khomeini and the Supreme Leader, further underscore its significance.

The Research Institute of the Guardian Council, serving as the legal advisory arm of the Guardian Council, not only provides consultative opinions on the compatibility or incompatibility of parliamentary enactments and government-approved statutes with the Constitution but also conducts theoretical, strategic, and practical studies on various constitutional law topics. This institute, which operated as the “Research Center of the Guardian Council” from 1997 to mid-2013, changed its name and structure in 2013 to “Research Institute of the Guardian Council” to offer more extensive research services to the Guardian Council and the country’s legal community. In this endeavor, utilizing young and talented university and seminary scholars, various topics relevant to the Guardian Council’s competencies and the research needs of the Guardian Council were identified and prioritized. The fruits of these efforts have been made available to the academic community and the Guardian Council in the form of scholarly and research articles, research reports, expert reports, and various books.

Book Description:

The book “Familiarity with Public Law Concepts,” authored by Dr. Ali Bahadori and Dr. Seyed Hojjatollah Alamolhoda, is a comprehensive and practical work in the field of public law, written in two volumes. Volume One covers public law concepts and terms from letters A to H, while Volume Two is dedicated to concepts from letters Kh to Y.

This book aims to introduce readers to the fundamentals and principles of public law in a simple and understandable language. Key features of this book include:

• Comprehensiveness: This book covers a wide range of public law concepts and terms, serving as a complete reference for students and those interested in this field.
• Accuracy and Orderliness: The content is meticulously organized and presented, with the coherence of topics aiding the reader’s better understanding.
• Simple and Understandable Language: The book is written in clear, accessible language, avoiding complex specialized terminology as much as possible.
• Provision of Practical Examples: Practical and tangible examples are used to explain concepts, which helps readers gain a deeper understanding of the material.

“Familiarity with Public Law Concepts” can be used as a textbook for law students at various academic levels, as well as for the general public interested in public law topics.

About the Book:

The book “Collection of Arbitration Laws and Regulations” is authored by Ali Bahadori Jahromi, Mohammad Sadegh Farahani, and Behnam Jalali. Pezhvak Edalat Publishing has released this book, which aims to help relevant professionals master the field of legal and judicial affairs.

The book “Collection of Arbitration Laws and Regulations” is structured into four sections, titled, in order: “Laws,” “International Instruments,” “Regulations,” and “Agreements.”

This book details Iran’s relevant laws and regulations across 176 sections.

The authors’ motivation for writing this book can be attributed to the growing importance of arbitration and the increasing inclination of economic actors to utilize alternative dispute resolution mechanisms. It also addresses the rising recourse by judges, lawyers, experts, arbitrators, and those involved in judicial and legal matters.

Book Description:

The book “Public Finance Law,” authored by Dr. Ali Bahadori Jahromi, Dr. Hassan Khosravi, and Mohammad Sadegh Farahani, is a 223-page examination of legal issues related to public finance in the Islamic system and positive law. This book is structured into five chapters, as follows:

Chapter One: Dedicated to defining the subject, position, and importance of public finance law in Islam and positive law. This chapter discusses the theoretical and philosophical foundations of public finance law, as well as its place in the Islamic legal system and positive law.

Chapter Two: Examines public revenues in the Islamic legal system and positive law. This chapter compares and contrasts various types of public revenues, their legitimacy bases, and the rules and regulations for their collection in both legal systems.

Chapter Three: Focuses on public expenditures in the Islamic public finance system and positive law. This chapter compares and contrasts different types of public expenditures, their governing principles and regulations, and the process of planning and allocating resources in both legal systems.

Chapter Four: Delves into tax law in the Islamic legal system and positive law. This chapter compares and contrasts the jurisprudential foundations of taxation, types of taxes, and the rules and regulations for tax assessment and collection in both legal systems.

Chapter Five: Dedicated to budgeting in the Islamic legal system and positive law. This chapter compares and contrasts concepts and principles of budgeting, the process of budget preparation and approval, oversight of budget implementation, and related responsibilities in both legal systems.

By offering a comparative and analytical approach to legal issues related to public finance in the Islamic system and positive law, the book “Public Finance Law” can be useful and insightful for students and researchers in law and political science, as well as professionals in public administration.

The book “Constitutional Law of the Islamic Republic of Iran” is written in accordance with the Constitution and university syllabi.^۱ Each chapter begins with an introduction that explains the chapter’s topic and relevant principles from the Constitution.^۲ Where necessary, terms are defined and categorized.^۳ Subsequently, the main subject is analyzed.^۴

In some discussions, depending on the nature of the topic, and the need for analysis and conclusion, the author has categorized the content.^۵ For example, when discussing the responsibilities of the Leader on page 90, it’s noted that a leader’s responsibility is not one-dimensional.^۶ On the contrary, the Leader’s responsibility has various dimensions depending on its nature.^۷ Therefore, in discussing the Leader’s responsibilities, the author was compelled to categorize them into political, financial, and legal aspects.^۸

The topics presented in the Constitutional Law book are analyzed with reasoned arguments and documentation. The references for the analyses are explicitly cited in the book. This allows readers to easily refer to the mentioned documentation.

About the Book:

The book “Collection of Laws and Regulations of Legal Advocacy and Legal Consultation,” authored by Dr. Ali Bahadori Jahromi, is a comprehensive and complete resource for studying the laws and regulations related to the legal profession in Iran. This book, published in paperback, includes the full and updated text of laws and regulations pertinent to legal advocacy.

In addition to the legal texts, this book contains useful explanations and interpretations of legal articles, advisory opinions from the Judiciary’s Legal Department, and unification verdicts from the Supreme Court. These explanations and interpretations make understanding the laws and regulations easier for readers, especially law students and practicing lawyers.

The book “Collection of Laws and Regulations of Legal Advocacy and Legal Consultation” serves as a valuable and practical reference for lawyers, legal scholars, judges, law students, and anyone else interested in studying the laws and regulations concerning the legal profession.

A collection of selected articles from the scientific call “Exposing American Human Rights,” compiled by Dr. Ali Bahadori Jahromi and Dr. Esmaeil Ajorloo.

When the term “American human rights” is used, it refers to the perspective, interpretation, and actions of the U.S. government and its allies on the subject of human rights. The “American” suffix signifies a particular definition of human rights that is favored by American policymakers. The collection of U.S. actions throughout its short history indicates that this country does not hold a firm belief in the principles and manifestations of human rights. Fundamentally, it uses the name of human rights merely as a tool to exert pressure on other countries.

In any legal system, legal structures and institutions can be regarded as the vessels for exercising sovereignty, values, and ideals. Executive bodies, structures, and institutions act as the hardware that brings the goals and ideals of the Islamic system into concrete and tangible reality. Among these, one of the prerequisites for the efficiency of Iran’s legal system is the efficiency of its institutions and structures.

The reason for this is that the Islamic Republic of Iran is a system that, while possessing stability in its movement towards its inherent ideals and goals, also allows for the transformation of its institutions and structures in accordance with its objectives and the exigencies of the times. Based on this, one of the fundamental pillars for the efficiency of institutions is the transformation in their structure and a focus on their goals, duties, and missions.^۱

In human societies, life centered around law and rights brings order, security, and justice. Among the essential knowledge needed for these societies is an understanding of law. Given the complexities of human beings and various fields of knowledge, familiarity with diverse legal topics (such as family law, civil law, commercial law, constitutional law, employment law, etc.) and learning their general principles are essential for social and civic life.

Citizens’ rights accompany individuals from birth to the end of life, playing an effective role in the family, school, workplace, and in social interactions with fellow citizens, to the extent that today we speak of family lawyers and even private lawyers.

Fortunately, in our beloved Islamic Iran, institutions and universities have paid special attention to legal education. Almost all universities have established law programs at associate, bachelor, master’s, or doctoral levels, with students enrolled accordingly. Furthermore, the judiciary, with serious commitment, monitors laws and regulations and prioritizes legal education through mass and group media. In addition, training and in-service education for judicial and administrative staff, training for lawyers, official experts, and family counselors, and signing memoranda of understanding with organizations, institutions, and the police force to enhance public and legal awareness are on the agenda of the Human Resources, Social, and Crime Prevention Deputy Offices of the Judiciary, the Center for Lawyers, Official Experts, and Family Counselors of the Judiciary, and the General Provincial Justice Departments.

States’ human rights obligations are general and universal commitments. This means states are obligated to respect and guarantee these rights for all individuals under their jurisdiction, taking necessary actions to fully realize them. The language of human rights instruments—including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (collectively known as the International Bill of Human Rights)—attests to this general obligation for states.

Although the human rights obligations in these instruments primarily bind only states that have expressed consent through various means like accession, ratification, or treaty membership, it can be argued that some rights in these treaty documents have acquired a customary nature, thus obligating even non-member states to respect and realize them.

It’s within this context that the Mina incident during the Hajj pilgrimage in 2015 (1394 Solar Hijri) became one of the great human tragedies, where the violation of the universal human rights of foreign nationals was considered its most minimal consequence.

Foreword

Following the triumph of the glorious Islamic Revolution, a new approach to governance emerged that was incompatible with the materialistic ideas emanating from the West. It sought to design a model of government based on the teachings of Islamic Sharia. The rise and strengthening of such a government, particularly in the strategically vital Middle East—a region of immense political, economic, and geographical importance—led the hegemonic and arrogant powers to deploy all their might and material and moral resources to counter the growing strength of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the influence of Islamic revolutionary thought.

The eight-year imposed war and its resulting damages, the downing of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s passenger plane, the organization, guidance, and support of anti-revolutionary forces, political and propaganda campaigns against the Islamic Republic, the confiscation of assets, properties, and advanced military equipment purchased before the Revolution, the incitement of rioters, and open and official support for the street riots of July 9, 1999 (18 Tir 78), June 2003 (Khordad 82), and the 2009 sedition are only a fraction of the actions taken by arrogant powers, especially the United States of America, against the Iranian nation in the political and security spheres…

The book “The Mission of Jurists (Duties of Jurists within the Intellectual Framework of the Supreme Leader, may his shadow extend),” published by the Basij Organization of Jurists, is 300 pages long and divided into six chapters: Necessity of Identifying the Goal, Necessity of Self-Purification and Moral Cultivation, Necessity of Designing Structures, Necessity of Enhancing Legal Productivity, Necessity of Enhancing the Efficiency of Legal Institutions, and Jurists and Responsibility in the Field of Human Rights.

A passage from this book states: “The science of law is a branch of social sciences and humanities whose ultimate goal is to regulate social relations, stabilize affairs, and establish justice in society. These goals are realized in an Iranian Islamic society only when law is designed based on Islamic principles and theories. Among the important duties placed upon Islamic jurists is to pay attention to general issues of Islamic law, and specifically to issues of criminal law, judicial law, private law, and public law, and to engage in theorizing and free thinking in various dimensions of the Islamic legal system based on Islamic principles.”

Author: Ali Bahadori Jahromi

Journal or Conference: (This section appears to be a placeholder for where the content was originally published, not part of the text to be translated.)

Introduction

Today, the Islamic Ummah and our nation need their Great Prophet more than ever: they need his guidance, his glad tidings and warnings, his message and spirituality, and the mercy he taught and imparted to humanity. Today, the lesson of the Prophet of Islam for his Ummah and for all of humanity is a lesson in becoming knowledgeable, becoming strong, a lesson in ethics and dignity, a lesson in mercy, a lesson in jihad and honor, and a lesson in resistance. (New Year’s Message of the Supreme Leader, May his shadow extend, 2006)

Following repeated insults to the celestial presence of the Noble Prophet of Islam (PBUH) by the enemies of humanity…